DID or multiple personality can be defined as a mental disorder where a person who have it will show the existence of two or more personalities (alters), each of which has different names and characters.Those who have this disorder actually has only one personality, but the patient will feel that he has many identities that have a way of thinking, temperament, grammar, memory and interaction of different environments.Although the cause is not certain, but on average the psychologists agree that the cause of this disorder in general is due to childhood trauma.To understand how multiple identities can be formed in a person, then we must first understand the meaning of Dissociative (dissociation).
DissociationHave
you ever experience something like this: When being asked about
something to your friend, you'll get answers that are not related at
all.If so, then I'm sure, when getting that answer, you will say "No connect".Dissociation
can be defined simply as a breakdown of the relationship between
thoughts, feelings, actions and a sense of awareness or someone with an
ongoing situation.In the case of DID, dissociation also occurs, but much more complicated than just "not connect".The process of forming a split personalityAs we mature, we have character and personality that is strong enough to face life's problems. However,
in children who were aged under seven years, power has not yet
appeared, so they will find other ways to defend against a traumatic
experience, namely the dissociation.By using this method, a child can make his conscious mind regardless of the terrible experience that happened to him.According
to Colin Ross who wrote the book The Osiris Complex (1995), the process
of dissociation in children that lead to abnormalities DID consists of
two psychological processes. We will take the example of sexual harassment experienced by a girl.First
process: a girl who repeatedly sexually abused will try to deny this
experience in mind in order to be freed from the tremendous pain. He could have "out of body experience" that makes it "regardless" of the body and of the ongoing traumatic experiences. He may feel his spirit floated up into the ceiling and imagine he was looking for another girl who was sexually abused. In other words, a distinct new identity has emerged.The two processes, a memory barrier between girls then built it with a new identity that has been created.Now, a new consciousness has been formed. Sexual harassment has never happened to him and he could not remember anything about it.If
the sexual harassment continues, then this process will continue over
and over so that he will re-create many new identity for it. When
the habit is ingrained dissociation, the child will also create a new
identity for the things that are not associated with traumatic
experiences such as going to school or play with friends.One famous case of multiple personality disorder, namely Sybil, is said to have 16 different identity.According to psychologists, the number of different identities can be more in some cases, even up to 100. Each identity has a name, age, gender, race, style, way of speaking and different characters.Each character can take over the mind of the patient in just a few seconds. Takeover process is called switching and is usually triggered by stress conditions.The characteristics of people with multiple personalitiesWhen reading the paragraphs above, you may be reminded of one of your school friends who like to vary the appearance. To you, it looks like he has a different identity.Or maybe you think you are one of my friends who used to smile, but suddenly be ruled by emotion. When the anger explodes, you can see his face suddenly turned into like a "wolf". To you, it looks like an angry new identity has been mastered.Are they people with DID?How do we know?The answer is the identity of the accompanying changes in appearance or emotion.Let your friends who like to change the appearance or often experience emotional changes such named Edward. If it changes appearance or emotional changes, and still considers himself as Edward, he suffered from DID.
To understand more deeply how to set it apart, see the following four characteristics. If there is someone inside these four characteristics, it stands to reason that he suffered from DID or multiple personalities.The characteristics are:
There should be two or more distinct identities or consciousness within the person.
These personalities repeatedly take over that person's behavior (Switching).
There is an inability to recall important information relating to him are too remarkable to be forgotten just as usual.
Disturbances that occurred is not the case because of the psychological effects of substances such as alcohol or drugs or because of medical conditions such as fever.From these four points, point number 3 plays an important role.98 percent of those who suffer from amnesia when it DID have an identity arise (switching). When the main personality took over again, he could not remember what happened when the identity of the previous ruling.Although the majority of psychologists have recognized the existence of multiple personality disorder, but others refused to acknowledge its existence.They filed his argument is based on the famous case of Sybill.
Sybil Isabel Dorsett CaseOne of the most famous case in the case of multiple personality disorder is experienced by Shirley Ardell Mason. To
conceal his identity, Cornelia Wilbur, the psychologist who handle it
and write a book about it, using the pseudonym Sybil Isabel Dorsett to
call Shirley.In
therapy sessions conducted by Cornelia, revealed that Sybil has 16
different personalities, among them Clara, Helen, Marcia, Vanessa,
Ruthi, Mike (Men), Sid (Men) and others. According to Cornelia, 16 self-identity that appears on Sybil comes from a childhood trauma due to frequent abuse by her mother.The story of Sybil became famous because at the time of this disorder is still not fully understood. His book became a best seller in 1973 and a film made about it.However, in subsequent years, the validity of disorders experienced by Sybil began to be questioned by psychologists.According
to Spiegel that also handles Dr.Herbert Sybil, 16 different identities
are in fact emerging as techniques used by Cornelia hypnosis to treat
it. Not only that, even using Sodium Pentothal Cornelia (truth serum) in the therapy.Dr.Spiegel believe that 16 is created by Cornelia identity by using hypnosis. It's very possible that Sybil was a very suggestive and easily influenced. Moreover, coupled with drugs that clearly can bring influence to the nerves.This case is similar to the creation of false memory in the alien abduction experience I've ever posted before.Dr.Spiegel opinion is confirmed by some psychologists and other researchers.Peter Swales, a writer who first found out that Sybil is Shirley also agree with this opinion. From
the results of intensive investigations are done, he believes that
torture is believed to be experienced by the real Sybil never happened. Chances
are, all the memories of torture (which arise because hypnosis session)
is actually just memories implanted by the therapist, Cornelia Wilbur.Thus,
for some psychologists, DID is nothing but a false memory created by
the influence of hypnosis therapy conducted by a psychologist. There is no evidence that traumatic experiences can create a lot of new identities in a person.According Dr.Philip M Coons:"The relationship between childhood abuse or trauma with Multiple Personality Disorder really never believed before the case of Sybil"Knowledge of multiple personality is based on many cases of Sybil. If it was just a case of false memory, then collapse the whole theory of dissociation in conjunction with multiple personality disorder. It also means that multiple personality disorder did not actually exist.This debate continues to this day, and I believe both sides have equally strong reasons. If it DID really exist and is only a symptom of normal psychology, why are there still things that can not be explained by psychologists?
The mystery of the DIDFor example, when an emerging identity, biological changes also appear in the body of the sufferers. Pulse velocity can change, as well as body temperature, blood pressure and even the ability to see.Then, different identities may have different reactions to treatment. Sometimes, people with a sense of identity that may have allergies. When the identity of the master, he will actually be allergic to certain substances.Then, another mystery is related to the case of Billy Milligan is regarded as the most interesting cases of DID. Been poured into his life story in a book titled "24 Billy's face."Billy was a student who was convicted of raping several women. In a psychiatric examination session, found 24 different identity in him.Identity that claimed responsibility for the actions that rape is a woman. Another identity named Arthur who was the UK and has extensive knowledge.Under questioning, Arthur was able to express its expertise in medical terms, but Billy had never studied medical problems. Interestingly, Arthur was fluent in Arabic. This language is never learned by Billy. Another identity named Ragen could speak Croatian Serbs. Billy also never learn this language.How Billy can speak in any language that if he did not ever learn it?This mystery unsolved to this day.Unless of course if we think Billy just a case of demonic possession and did not suffer from DID.SOURCE
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