As one of the oldest science in human civilization, astronomy is often dubbed as the 'queen of sciences'. Astronomy is a somewhat special place in human life.
From the first, man was so amazed when looking at the flickering stars and the charm of celestial objects are so extraordinary. Initially, people thought the sky phenomena as something magical.
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As the rotation of time and age, men also take advantage of the regularity of the objects they observe in the sky to meet the necessities of life such as dating. By observing the sky, humans can determine the time for parties, religious ceremonies, the time to start sowing seeds and harvesting.
Traces of the oldest astronomical found in Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations who lived in Mesopotamia (3500-3000 BC). These people were simply applying the basic forms of astronomy. The division of the circle into 360 degrees comes from the Sumerian.
Sumerians also know the description of the constellation of stars since 3500 BC. They draw the patterns of constellations on the seals, vases, and board games. Name of the constellation Aquarius is known today comes from the Sumerian.
Astronomy is also well known ancient Indian society. Around the year 500 BC, Aryabhata gave birth to a mathematical system that puts the Earth rotates on its axis. Aryabhata made an estimate of the circle and the diameter of the earth. Brahmagupta (598-668) also wrote texts on astronomy, entitled Brahmasphutasiddhanta 628. He was the forerunner of astronomers who use algebra to solve astronomical problems.
4000 BC The ancient Chinese society is also familiar with astronomy. Initially, astronomers in China used to set the time. The Chinese used a lunisolar calendar. However, due to rotation of the sun and the moon is different, Chinese astronomers often set up a new calendar and make observations.
Ancient Greeks also very interested in astronomy. Thales was that led to the 6th century BC. According to him, the earth was flat. Pythagoras had denied that opinion by claiming the earth is round. Two centuries later, Aristotle gave birth to an important breakthrough that confirms that the earth is round round.
Aristachus in the 3rd century BC was asking the opinion that the earth was not the center of the universe. The theory does not have a place at that time. The era of classical astronomy closed Hipparchus in the 1st century BC who threw geocentric theory. Earth was silent and surrounded by sun, moon and other planets. Ptolemaic geocentric system was perfected in the 2nd century AD.
Islamic astronomy
After the collapse of the Greek and Roman culture in the Middle Ages, the direction switch to the advancement of astronomy of the Arabs. Astronomy developed so fast during the Islamic golden age (8-15 M). The works of Islamic astronomy mostly written in Arabic and developed by scientists in the Middle East, North Africa, Spain and Central Asia.
One of the evidence and the influence of Islamic astronomy is the naming of a significant number of stars that use the Arabic language, such as Aldebaran and Altair, Alnitak, Alnilam, Mintaka (three bright stars in Orion's belt), Algol, Altair, and Betelgeus.
http://id.berita.yahoo.com/astronomi-islam-menguak-rahasia-langit-1-150321185.html
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